Simple Data Types

Working together using a Driver/Navigator group setup, students experiment with the Editor. They explore Number and String data types, and how they behave in this programming language.

Driver/Navigator 🖼Show image When programming in this class, you’ll be working together using the Driver/Navigator model. Each group can only have one "Driver" - their hands are on the keyboard, and their job is to manage the typing, clicking, shortcuts, etc. If you’re not a Driver, you’re a "Navigator" - your job is to tell the Driver where to go, what to type, etc. A good Driver types only what the Navigator tells them to, and a good Navigator makes sure to give clear and precise instructions.

Students should open WeScheme in their browser, and click "Log In". This will ask them to log in with a valid Google account (Gmail, Google Classroom, YouTube, etc.), and then show them the "My Programs" page. This page is empty - they don’t have any programs yet! Have them click "Start a New Program".

Our Editing Environment 🖼Show image This screen is called the Editor, and it looks something like the diagram you see here. There are a few buttons at the top, but most of the screen is taken up by two large boxes: the Definitions Area on the left and the Interactions Area on the right.

The Definitions Area is where programmers define values and functions that they want to keep, while the Interactions Area allows them to experiment with those values and functions. This is like writing function definitions on a blackboard, and having students use those functions to compute answers on scrap paper.

Math is a language, just like English, Spanish, or any other language. Languages have nouns (e.g. “ball”, “tomato”, etc.) and verbs, which are actions we can perform on these nouns (e.g. - I can “throw a ball”). Math and programming also have values, like the numbers 1, 2 and 3. And, instead of verbs, they have functions, which are actions we can perform on values (e.g. - “I can square a number”).

Languages also have rules for syntax. In English, for example, words don’t have ! and ? in the middle. In math and programming numbers don’t have & in them.

Languages also have rules for grammar. The cat sat. is a sentence, whereas The sat cat. is nonsense, even though all the words are valid syntax. The order of the words matters!

Keeping the importance of syntax and grammar in mind is helpful when learning to program!.

Our programming language knows about many types of numbers, and they behave pretty much the way they do in math. Discuss what students have learned:

This lesson introduces students to Booleans, a unique data type with only two values: "true" and "false", and why they are useful in both the real world and the programming environment.

Boolean-producing expressions are yes-or-no questions and will always evaluate to either true (“yes”) or false (“no”). The ability to separate inputs into two categories is unique and quite useful!

For example, some rollercoasters with loops require passengers to be a minimum height to make sure that riders are safely held in place by the one-size-fits all harnesses. The gate keeper doesn’t care exactly how tall you are, they just check whether you are as tall as the mark on the pole. If you are, you can ride, but they don’t let people on the ride who are shorter than the mark because they can’t keep them safe. Similarly, when you log into your email, the computer asks for your password and checks whether it matches what’s on file. If the match is true it takes you to your messages, but, if what you enter doesn’t match, you get an error message instead.

Debrief student answers as a class.